Medical Laboratory Science

Different types of colorblindness, categorized by color perception depending on the absence or deficiency of cones:

Deuteranomalia: absence of functioning green cone
Protanopia: absence of functioning red cone
Tritanopia: absence of functioning blue cone
Monochromatic: either no cones are available or only one type

All colors are perceived as a mixture of each of the three cones. If one of them is affected, the whole color spectrum and perception of color changes.